Kostenki 17 endscraper

Flint endscaper, 41,000 years old

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Kostënki 17 is among the most important archaeological sites for understanding the very first modern humans in Eastern Europe. Primarily excavated by P.I. Boriskovskii in 1953 and 1955, the site’s lower layer contained a rich archaeological assemblage of worked flint and bone, pendants and animal bones.

The main stone-working activity at Kostënki 17 was apparently the creation of bladelets from burin-cores. However, a few tools suggest that other tasks were undertaken, including this endscraper made from a large blade. Scrapers similar to this are typical of many different Upper Palaeolithic assemblages. They would have been useful for, among other things, processing animal hides.

(Artefact housed at the Institute for the History of Material Culture [Palaeolithic Division], Saint Petersburg.)